Worlds of IF (August 1973)
This is kind of nicely ambiguous, those figures silhouetted against the moon could be just going about their business or the floating one could be in real trouble.
Is that the moon, i.e. "our" moon, Luna?
Original magazine: https://archive.org/details/1973-08_IF
@SFFMagazineCovers Red colour, white polar cap, and they're on what seems to be a small moon in the foreground. Signs point to that being Mars rather than Luna.
@SFFMagazineCovers That's clearly Mars, which means they are jumping off Phobos or Deimos - i'd guess Deimos.
@SFFMagazineCovers From ISFDB: “Cover titled ‘Astronauts on Deimos’ as noted on the Contents/copyright page.”